Improvement in panelling-machine



piece; that is, a board oi plank is liable to taper slightly from one end to the other, or l'rom cue .side to the other. My f'ormer machine clamped the wood down Aupon a flat, table'. lts back was sure to be in the proper position, but the f'aee would sometimes be. oblique, so that the groove produced by the eutter would vary in depth, and eorrespoiidingly in its i'orin at some. points. l provide, in this improved machine, for gauging the work by the face.

E is the movable Carriage.

1'2 El are frames bolted thereon, adapted to receivet the boards or planks to he panelled or moulded be-l The clamping-pieces E" are sufiiciently elastic to.

adapt themselves to any inequalities in the thickness, while the frames El being rigid, hold the upper surl'are exactly true. v

I can, it' preterred, for any very irregularly-sawedstuff', disconnect the cross-shafts el and turn each screw c separately The movable table or carriage. Ft is moved transversely fi'onrright to lef't, and from left to right, on the under movable table or carriage F.

lhis is ett'ected'by the ordinary device of` a crankshaft and spur-wheel, working in aratehet under the. table E, the only novelty lying in the erank, which will be described f'urt-her on.

.lhc under table F, which is traversed backward and forward longitudinally, carrying the other with it, is supported and operated by means somewhat peculiar.

'It is supported properly,and without much friction, when in a position much f'urther forward than isallo\v able in my former machine, this being due to the curved supporting-arm F1 and wheel j', formed and arranged as represented, the arm F1 heilig bolted firmly on the under side ot` the i'ront of` the table F and wheel f, traversing on a rail, (l, which is adjusted nicely, to correspond with the wheels F, on which the table F is also supported.

\\'he,n the table F is run back, and is operatednear its back position, the arm Fl and wheel j' are of little or no cfl'ect, and the guiding aml supporting ol' the table F aredue to the ordinary slides Fi, on the framing A, and to the anti-friction rollers F, mounted thereon,

itself' to the frame-work A, when the tabe F is moved back, and allows` it to be supported properly on a shortearail, (t, extciulingl out to a less extent in fi'ont .than would be practicable without this bend vin the arm.v

The arm F* need not extend as f`ar back as is here represented, butin such case the rail a. must be proportionally Iengthened forward, and will be more. in the way ot' the operator in. walking across in front ot' the machine.

rlhe arm F should be attached with absolute rmness to the table F, aml be made su tleiently heavy to avoid springing to any greanm-xtent; but any spring er la-nd which' shall, by any chance, he f'oundlin this arm, may be eonumnsated lor, at least in part, by adjusting the rail (L up and down at either end, by means et' the screws al and their adjuncts, as represented.

The m aus otl operating are no less peculiar.v The table 'F receives its longitudinal travcisng motion by means of' a spur-gear wheel, Ft, working in a rack lixed on the trame-work A, as representt-al.

This spungear wheel Ftl is mounted on the shaft; F5', supported i i bearings tixed on the under side ot the table l", and the shaft receives motion through the gear-wheels F ami F1", `and a'. longitudinal shaf'tl and pair ot' gears, not. represented except by dots, l'rom the crank-shaft F, which is-adaptatl to be operated by hand, and which possesses the peculiar property of traversing with'the table F asit-is moved forward and hack, by reason ot' its bearings carried on F, and by the train ot connections.

It f'ollows that the proper traversingr motion is given to the table l", by operating the crank-slant F". which,

being carried in hearings-on Vthe table F, instead of',

Returning` now to the means of giving.;r the lateral motion to the upper table 1*), observe that the crank E* is loose ou the shaft l, and dans not of' itself' dircetly impart any motion thereto, but may be turned around f'reely thereon, except l'or the spring-catch Ef, which takes in the teeth ol' a spur-wheel, 15". This spur-wheel is fixed on the sha-lt F.

lhc catchllG is mounted in slides on the crank E, and is ti'eeito move thereinl maler the action of' the spring E7, 'a' of' the hand applied to the handle E,

Now so long as the spring E7 is allowed to hohl the catch f'ast in any given position iu the gear-wheel E", the. crank operates, in all respects, in the ordinary lnanner, but when, l'or any reason, it is desiredto changeJ the position of' the crank l?, on the shalt E, it may be instantly done, by unlocking the catch El". lt may he turned a portion ot' a revolution, and then disengaged and moved idly back, again locked and turned a portion of a revolution forward, or itmay be operated eii'cctvely baekwardlatul l'orward, in any desired position ot' a revolution.

Locking-catclns and springs, analogous in form and elli-ct to these,'ha\'e been used bet'ore, in other machinery, but 1 have Combined these with the other parts of my machine, so as to impart important and novel qualities thereto. l

ln operatingl employ rectangularf'rames or chases, within which'each pattern is fitted, inorder to be. conlined by the clamps El ll'l.' -'Al' t.er thecnttcr has been lowered, and Aby the working ot' the tables E and F, has been moved from side to side. and end to end, so as to cutthe properly-cnrved or otherwiseornamental ehannel, corresponllingr to the interior edge ot' the pattern, the pattern istaken Voutot' the chase, and a new one substitut-ed, and the tool passed around this second pattern. l can, if` preferred, piletup anumber of cl'lascs, one upon tue other, and work eat-h sueeeeding ent deeper, as the patterns give more and more enlarged openings, routing'olt' the wood outside of each channel to a level therewith, and then prodncingswelled moahlings or panels ln my former patent, I described the swinging hooks I, turning on the pivots i, and carrying an adjtlstable point, K, adjustable by the screw L, and adapted to engage with the carriage, by means ot' one or more notches therein. My upper hooks, correspondingly lettered in this` machine, perform similar functions. 5

.'.lheupper proiectionsc, on the carriages Ct`2, rest on the adjustable point li, to gauge. or determine the depths to whiclrthe eutting-arlmrs l* 152 may descend. 1n other words, the stops c, in these drawings,.correspond to the-stop c in my f'ornn-r patent. As there lwere two notches. c in each carriage, in my the way, after the carriage has rested thereon for a sullcient time, and then allowing the carriage to de- -sceuduntil it rests ou the other hook, by means of the vnext projection, I provide another independent and adjustable' ju'ovision, allowing ineto work at two ditiirent depths, both adjustable.

'lhis'is donc by nuans"of the lower adjustable stops M. They are mounted so't'ar below the adjustable hooks- I, that they arcentirely ont of connection therewith, and theysuppi'u't the carriages Cl C2 by means of independent projections, c'l Now, when the cutter has pertbrined all-that'portion of 'its duty, which is practicable while the carriage has been snpported by the contact ofthe projection c, on the adjustable hook-point- K, that hook is moved away, and the carriage is 'allowed to descend,not, as beibre, to an unvarying distance, but'fto a distance which may be adjusted witlnall the :delicacy desired; that is, it descends until the other projection, c', rests upon the other adjustable proi'ection or stop M, and now the cutter may perform any further duty which may be required at this lower level.

It is practicable to make more than two such stops, one above the other,`in which case all but the lower one should he swinging hooks, or be otherwise capa-V .ble ol being moved out of the \vay,]ike the hooks I.

11i-short, the hook-point K and the stopM maybe both denominated adjustablestops, and the number may be increased at pleasure, it -being necessary for a-ll but one to be moved out ot' the way, to allow' the last one to serve. I have provided both carriages, Cl

C", with similarprovisions. This need not be al aysdoue, where Vone arbor, B for example, is intended to do much coarser workv than the other; in other words, where all the fine work is to be done by one arbor, that alone may be provided with amultiplication of adjustable stops to adjust the descent.

G is what 1 terni a kicking-piece, to hold the arbor, wit-h its carriage, up ontof the way, when required. It is a piece of metal,- passing through holes in the part A, as represented, and adapted to enter and lock into the part C'.

1t is actuated by a spring, 17, which throws it forward with a constant force, tending to`hold the carrage, when once locked.

In preparing lto lower the carriage C', the lockingpiece Gis pressed back by the hand, and the spring g is .then-.by compressed. When the carriage and its arbor have been sufficiently used, and it is desired to suspend their action, the carriage is raised to its original posit-ion, so as to present the locking-hole therein to the piece G, whichimmediately enters it and holds it suspende( ,N are pin projecting on three sides of the frame l0, and a lapted to be acted on to raise the carriage Cl and its arbor, according to the form of the upper face of the templet tir-pattern, 4. Thus, il' there is,as may usually be prelerrciha series of regular waves or elevations ami depressions ou the upper face of the templet, the carriage C, and the arbor and 4cutter mounted thereon, will be `iumpe-d, and the cutting will be what, when straiglu, are called carved mouldings, and which have never-,I believe, been produced before in a curved form. "1 can, by thus combining the lii`ting`of the cutters to various heights, with the other provisions for cutting along the edges otcurved patterns, produce a grtcit variety of work not before practicable. I believe that 1 can carve faces, birds, animals, audlaiulscapes, in relief, by this means, with success.A

yI haveI shown three of these pins, N, projecting in as many -dili'ercnt directions, and prefer this number,

but a greater or lesser number maybe used. v I can operate, very successfully, with but one such pin.-

I put on each of these pins, N, an anti-iriction roll,

n, and believe itis better' to do so, though I do not consider such. absolutely necessary.

O O are extensions of the carriages GPC?, downting, and being partially embedded in a groove, q, in

the part O. exchanged, when required.

The ring P is thus readily removed and The ring reduces the friction of the pattern against it.

It will be understood that in the operation of my machine in panelling, the .pattern which lies outhc wood to be panelled, is pressed against the guide O, or against the. ring or *roller P, which surrounds the lower part of the tialne O. Now, the ring 'I requires to be changed in different work, because, while the fi'ictio'n is lessened by making the ling 'P large, and thus it is desirable to .use a large ring, P, in all work which will allow it, it is limpossible to execute small curves and delicate tracery by means of ya large ring,

out long explanation.

for reasons which will be obvious to mechanics with- My clip Q, iitting as described, occupies verlittle room, vand supplies a very ready means of confining and releasing the rings.

I have provided still another andA more radical change ofthe machiu'e,'in,order to execute-fine and delicate tracery or mouldings,'on the same machine,

which does largeand coarse work rapidly. I will now describe this addition.

O is an extension of the frame O. Itis applied by screwing thepart O' into the interior of the part' O, aud't-hus extending it further downward. A- This part O may be'as small as desired at its lower or projectand spring-clip Q, before described.`

In using this means. of executing fine work, I first remove the cutter b from the arbor ABl ami introduce a bushing, 11,' of a. proper size, outside, to till the hole, and of a proper size, inside, to -,receive the small cutter. This bushing is sawed ncarly'across, to make it rlhe hole in the bushing may be as small, and the interior thread cut therein maybe as finely pitched as is desired, or it may be made a plain` cyelastic.

lindrical hole, and may, in either form, receive and hold firmly a correspondimr 'stein ot' the small cutter b'. I can confine the plain ends within plain holes very etiectively, by using the bushing' in apartially- Adivided condition, so that it can readily spring together, and making the vexterior alittle tapering, so that it will be closed forcibly together as it is screwed into the arbor.

By these means I provide, and in addition to the 4ordinaryplovision for coarse work, the small extension' 0"'ot` thc.guiding-fraaie 0, the corresponiiling small anti-fraction ring P', andconfining-means Q',

and the bushing p, and small cutter b', adapted to execute tine cuttinc,

Now, with these additions tothe machine, I can execute work-iiulelinitely liner than that before provided for; but it will, ofcourse, be readily understood that for this work the wood must usually be fed along more lug end, andis provided with a riug,'P, and with aspring-clip Q', similar to, butsmaller than the ring I branches, as imlicated by U U*, and these.- branches sible under the old pian ifgauging by thc back, wiile Akunelamping witii about the usual facility.

' possible with the ordinary arrangement; ami ain Valso iu the work to be pei for ned by the small cutter 7)', I can change the rings P, by the use ofspring-elip Q', in the same manner as has been before described for, the larger rings and larger clips l and Q.

U 's 'a blower, driven by a beit fi'oin the hack shaft D, as represented. It forces air through thel large pipe U, whh li extends directly downward, as represented, thus forming a straight passage, in which the smaller pipe U2 is received, and is adapted to slide nearly or quite air-tight. i

The pipe. U2 is fixed on the carriage A, so rise and sink therewith.

rIhc lowei' emi of the pipe U2 is'divided into two as 4to point at the cutters.

The blower Ufbrces a current of' air through the pipe Ul, which is mounted on the fixed framing ofthe, machine, and the air is transferred therefrom to the pipe U2, ivhicli is mounted on the movable carriage A, and thus may stanti at various levels; but at whatever elevation it stands, the air is received in the saine manner in the pipe U2, ami distributed through the branches U3 and Ui, so as to be directed at the points where the cutting is ordinarilyeffected, however much the carriage A and its connections be raised ami lowered.

I can, if' preferred, make two branches at lthe vbase oi` the pipe. U2, separately adjustable, 'or 1, can branch the pipe Ul above, andmake t-wo separate large pipes descend therefrom, ainl provide two separate simili pipes, siidii-ig therein, cach partakiug separately ofthe motion of its respective arbor-carriage, C or G2; butl this complication is notl generally ueci-issary.

Some of' the advantages due to certain'features of my invention may be separate] y 'enumerated as follows: First, by reason ofthe fact, that in clamping iny wood for paiielling, 1 press its upper' fac: againsta fixed surface, El, by means of theirnovable clamp or adjustable piece E2,as slioivii, I, in effect, gauge the moulding by the face, insteadof, as before, by the hack otthc wood, and, by reason of' this latter fact, I am able to panel perfectly in wood of uneven thickness, without special preparation', which wouldr not be pos- 1 can introduce and remove the wood by clampingand Second, lby reason of the 'fact that both cranks, and I9, for operating the carriage both forwaiti' and hack, and to the right and left., are mounted and con nected as specified, so that they are both carried forwari and backward witii the carriage, I am able to produce longer panelled and moulded figures, ami to keep the hands ofthe operator within a convenient distance from each other, (which was not possible with' in v fornier construction an'd arri'uigeine-nt, where one ofthe crank-shafts moved fiirward and back with the c irria-gc, while the other remained mounted in fixed bearings on thefi'aniing.)

Third, byreason of' the crank t, ratchet E, catch ],and spring ET, (.'onstructed ami arranged as represented, relatively to each other, and to the carriage E, and cutting and guiding-means above described, I am able. to operate'successfully on a long plank` which projects at the front so as to prevent the.. crank from performing an entire revolution, which would not be able to operate with more facility on short pieces, be\ cause, when frequent movements of' the crank are required in any particular portion of the. work. I can instaiitl-y change the crank around so as to work it in that part of' its revolution which is most convenient to the operator, and by reason of the fact that my changeable crank 154, clamps El 112, and cutters I), as above designated, are used in combination with the changeable patterns I, 2. 3, &c., and the chase or chases l, 2, 52., I ani able to execute work having a very high degree of'elaboration wit-h perfect success and with easett'o the operator, because l can'bofh change .tlie crank into anypart of the circle most convenient to trace the Aline portiois of the pattern, and can cut in lines which cross each other, scallop each other, ami

eoinbiue with each other,in what have been heretofore depths to which the cutting-tool may penetrate thewood,and thus to increase the capacities of' my machine f'oi; executing varieties of work with a simili number of' cutters. ,Y

' Sixth, by reason of' the fact that my duplicate adjustable stops K M are used iu combination with the devices 'l1 above described, for gauging the penetration by the face of the wooi, I am better able to render available lthc delicate and plural adjustments of the depth of the cutting, so as to produce practically perf'ect work, .without special care or skill.'

Seventh, b v reason of' the. fact thatthel steadiiuent O is provideil with an internal thread, and nia-de to receive the additional steadiiuent 01, asprepresented, I am able to employ small rings, and tocut smaller curves and figures than would be otherwise possible, without changing the arbor B1, orbnt few of the parts of the entire machine. heavy work, or'work ofextreme tinenessland delicacy with the sinne mechanism, by this sinall'addition.

Eighth, by reason of the fact that my ring l is confined a-iid released by the springt-lip Q, as represented, I am able to change the rings with great facility, and can employ rings of such depth that they shall extend down nearly to thc lower edge ofthe Stcadnient O.

Ninth, by reason of thc lockingfdevice Gr,'and spring 0, arranged as represei'ited, I ani able to lo'ck and unlock nt-lie" carriage Gl, supporting the cutting-arbor, without con'iplicated, expensive, or bulky mechanism.

Tenth, by reason ofthe fact that the blast-pipe U1 U2 is made telescopic, as represented, I ani able to blow at 'exactly the rightpoints, in all posit-ions ofthe apparatus, without changing the position ofthevblower, and without introducing any flexible or perishable parts. v

Eleventh, by reason of the employment of the pins N, with or without the. anti-friction rolls n, arranged as represented, I am able to produce curved panelling, by aid of suitable projections on the. patterns, while at thesame time cuttingr in accordance with an ornamental shape ofthe pattern, :imi thus to greatly iii` creaseA the capacity of the machine.

' Having now fully described vmy invention,

That I claim as new, and desire to secure by Lett-ers Iatent, as in v present improvement in panelling and variety moulding-maehii'ies, is fiillows;

l.` The clamp E* Ei, in coiubiiiation with thelpanelling-cutter b, constructedand arranged for gauging by thc face ofthe wood, substantially as liereiu set'hirth.4

2. Supporting both thel `cranks E and 1"" on the carriage l", ami providing the connections F2, Snc., or their equivalents, so as to operateand traverse forward aud.b:ick together, relatively to the panellingciitter b, -as herein set forth.

:L 'Ihc means -E5 E" El, or their equivalents, for changing the crank b1* aroiiud on the shaft at. will, in

combination with rthe table E, herein described, and

In other words, I can cut n with the panellingcutters b, and their connections, as herein 'set forth.

4. The sub-support F1, for the carriage F, ruiming on the rail or way a., constructed and arranged as herein set i'orth.

5,. The stops K M, separately adinst-ablc, as specified, arranged as represented, in combination with the cutters 11,. `and the other parts, as herein'set, forth.

(i. The turning-ring P, the spring-clpQ, or its equivlent, and steadiment (Larra-ingrid relatively to each other, and to the cuttingai'borV B, as herein set forth.

7. The device G, reaching through from the front, and penetrating the back, with the spring g, arranged as represented, to lock and unlock'the cutter-carriage Gl, as herein set forth.

Witnesses THOMAS D. STETsoN, WM. O. DEY. 

